What is fibromyalgia?

Fibromyalgia is a chronic disease characterized by the musculoskeletal system. It is also called soft tissue rheumatism. Although it is seen in all age groups, it is seven times more likely to occur in women than in men. The exact cause is not known. It is affected by hereditary and genetic factors in connection with infection, trauma and stress.

Fibromyalgia syndrome is observed in people who have experienced severe physical and emotional trauma. For fibromyalgia, physical examination of some tender points may be required. Pain can be controlled with pressure on some points such as: the back of the head, upper parts of the shoulders, upper chest, outer elbows, hips and knees. 

What are the symptoms of fibromyalgia?

Fatigue, sleep, attention disorders such as inability to concentrate, memory problems, mood problems such as burnout, frustration, anxiety, pain in the shoulder and back area, pain while sleeping, intestinal disorders, irritable bowel problems (causing stomach pain and bloating), migraine. Symptoms include headache, pain and stiffness throughout the body, and widespread muscle pain. Therefore, the symptoms of fibromyalgia are similar to the symptoms of autoimmune disorders.

What are the risk factors for fibromyalgia?

Nutritional disorders, being a woman (seven times more common in women than men), stress, physical and emotional traumas (Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders), viral infections, diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, obesity, sleep patterns. Disorders, irritable bowel and leg syndromes are among the risk factors. Fibromyalgia can also occur in children. However, in the age factor, middle age is seen as a risk factor. Along with the age factor, personality structure is also effective. The likelihood of fibromyalgia increases in sensitive, perfectionist people.

What are the treatment methods for fibromyalgia?

For fibromyalgia, the patient's history is first listened to. After a physical examination, the disease is diagnosed as a result of tests such as x-rays and, if necessary, blood tests. There is no definitive treatment for fibromyalgia. The patient is monitored by making changes in nutrition and lifestyle along with drug treatment (painkillers, muscle relaxants, anti-inflammatory drugs, antidepressants, serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors). Psychological support and cognitive behavioral therapies are alternative treatment methods.

Stress management methods such as meditation, yoga and massage, and stress-reducing exercises are among the rehabilitation methods. It is also possible to perform electrotherapy, TENS, hot-cold applications and exercises to reduce regional pain.