Dyspnea, Tracheotomy, Tracheostomy Dyspnea can be defined as difficult breathing. Diseases such as foreign body, trauma, burn, tumor, laryngitis, angioedema and anaphylaxis are acutely seen in individuals who have difficulty breathing. It is necessary to first facilitate the patient's breathing and ensure ventilation.

Tracheotomy is the name given to the procedure of allowing sufficient air to be removed by opening a hole in the anterior wall of the trachea (between the 2nd and 3rd cartilage rings) in cases where the patient cannot get enough air. In life-threatening situations that occur in the upper respiratory tract, ventilation is provided by this process. This procedure can be performed under emergency or elective conditions. Trekotomy is often performed under elective conditions due to prolonged intubation. Ranula Treatment Ranula is a blue-looking mucocele located in the front part of the floor of the mouth. Ranula disease is encountered as a fluid collection or cyst under the tongue during physical examination. It is a condition encountered when the salivary gland ducts are ruptured or blocked. There are two types of ranula. If the cyst forms at the floor of the mouth under the tongue, it is called simple ranula, and when the cyst grows from the bottom of the mouth towards the neck, it is called plunging ranula. Ranula is rarely encountered in the plunging species. This disease can also be summarized as salivary gland disorder. The treatment method varies depending on the size of the cyst. It is carried out by needle aspiration, incision and drainage, marsupialization or surgical removal of the ranula. In needle aspiration, the fluid accumulated in the patient's ranula area is removed. In incision and drainage, a small incision is made in the area and cystic tissue is removed.

Marsupialization is the process of leaving the area open by stitching the edges after a small incision is made in the area. During the surgical operation, the ranula and salivary gland are removed in case the ranula recurs. Tongue tie treatment is a condition in which the tissue called frenulum, which connects the tongue with the floor of the mouth, is shorter than normal. This disease is a congenital disorder. It affects many conditions such as breastfeeding, speech and dental health. It is detected during a routine examination immediately after birth. By cutting the tongue tie, tongue movements are freed. Speech and swallowing functions improve. Tongue laceration repair: It is usually cut between the tongue and teeth due to a fall in childhood. The incision is sutured under anesthesia. Snoring and Apnea Treatment: While breathing during sleep, when soft tissues are loose in areas where the airway is narrow, mutual mucosa surfaces rub against each other and make noise. This condition is known as snoring. If breathing stops during sleep for more than 10 seconds, it is called sleep apnea. In our hospital, upper respiratory tract examination and physical examination are primarily performed for diseases such as snoring and sleep apnea. Examinations such as MRI and computed tomography are used to diagnose anatomical disorders that cause sleep apnea. Examinations such as sleep analysis and sleep endoscopy may also be required. Once the disease is diagnosed, treatment is planned. Medication, treatment with a CPAP device with positive air pressure, and surgical operations are carried out in our hospital by successful and expert physicians. Tonsil and Adenoid Diseases Infection and inflammation of the pharynx (pharynx), tonsil and adenoid areas are among the diseases frequently encountered in childhood. The pharynx is defined as a region located at the back of the oral cavity and behind the soft palate. Infectious diseases seen in this region are considered as throat infections. Pharynxitis is an inflammatory disease usually seen in the pharynx area.

Tonsillitis is a bacterial disease usually caused by group A streptococcus. Symptoms include earache, dryness in the throat, fever, difficulty in swallowing and/or pain when swallowing, headache, and swollen lymph nodes. The treatment of this disease is usually treated by prescribing antibiotic-containing drugs. In some cases, surgical removal of the tonsils (tonsillectomy) can be performed. The area behind the nose, on the ceiling of the nasal area, is called adenoid. In some cases, if the adenoid grows and causes nasal congestion, it causes problems such as snoring or stopping breathing for more than 10 seconds during sleep (sleep apnea). Adenoid surgery is performed with a surgical operation called adenoidectomy. Nowadays, this procedure can be performed successfully and safely even for children under the age of 3.

Vocal cord disorders (polyps and nodules) Polyps are seen in the vocal cords as a disease that occurs as unilateral vocal cord swellings. The polyps seen in these vocal cords are a piece of flesh with a stalk or a broad base. Nodules are pieces of flesh that are smaller than polyps and appear in a fixed location. The treatment process is carried out with medication and surgery. A very simple surgical operation is performed to remove the parts of this vocal cord. The procedure, which takes about an hour, is performed under general anesthesia and the patient is discharged on the same day. Voice and speech disorders Abnormalities occurring in the pitch or resonance of the voice are called voice disorders. Any voice change or abnormality that occurs outside of normal is a voice disorder. Even minor problems on the vocal cords can cause voice disorders. Adolescent boys' voices deepen over time. In some adolescent boys, this thickening does not occur and the voice becomes thinner. This is called mutational falsetto. Conversional aphonia is a condition in which the vocal cords do not vibrate, although it is not a neurological problem.

Spasmodic dysphonia is a voice disorder caused by a neurological problem. Treatment of different types of voice disorders is carried out successfully in our hospital. Speech disorders are divided into three main groups: articulation disorders, stuttering and motor speech disorders. Speech disorders due to cleft lip and palate, speech disorders due to hearing loss, motor speech disorders, and stuttering are types of problem speech disorders.